Longevity & Cellular
Cellular Energy Studies
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Certificates of analysis
Each certificate covers one production run, and reports on that batch alone. Open any of them to read the laboratory report exactly as the third-party lab issued it.
Authenticity
Scan the code on the label to pull up every published certificate for that compound — the same reports the third-party laboratory issued, batch by batch. Traceable from the laboratory that tested it to your bench.
Verify a batch →Independently tested
Purity is quantified by reverse-phase HPLC and identity confirmed by mass spectrometry, by an outside laboratory rather than in-house.
A certificate for your lot
The report that ships with your order describes the batch you received — not the product line, and not a representative sample.
COA-backed replacement
If material does not match the certificate issued for its lot, we replace it or refund it. Send us the lot number and we will trace it.
Tracked dispatch
Tracking is issued when the label is created, so the shipment is traceable from the moment it leaves us.
About this compound
C₂₁H₂₇N₇O₁₄P₂
NAD+ is a coenzyme present in every living cell, operating as an electron carrier across the reactions that produce cellular energy. It is also consumed as a substrate by sirtuins and PARP enzymes, meaning cellular demand for it is not fixed — which is the basis for research into availability and depletion.
Full specification
How it works
The pathways NAD+ acts on, and what each one does. Signalling described from preclinical models.
Mitochondrial Function
The coenzyme carries electrons through the mitochondrial transport chain, making it a direct participant in converting nutrients to ATP rather than a marker of that process. The reactions cannot proceed without it.
Sirtuin Activation
All seven sirtuins require NAD+ as an obligate co-substrate, consuming it rather than using it catalytically. Their activity is therefore bounded by how much is present, which is the basis for research into cellular availability.
PARP & Genomic Stability
PARP enzymes also consume NAD+ while repairing DNA damage, so repair demand and sirtuin activity draw on the same finite pool. The literature examines that competition directly, particularly as availability declines with age.
Uses & applications
The main areas under study, and the study-reported figures behind them.
Declining availability with age is the premise of this literature, and senescence markers are measured against it.
Covarrubias et al. 2021
Mitochondrial respiration and ATP output are measured directly, since the coenzyme is a required participant rather than a modulator.
Gomes et al. 2013
PARP activity under DNA damage is measured, along with the depletion of the shared pool that repair demand causes.
Rajman et al. 2018
The mitochondrial unfolded protein response is examined as a downstream consequence of altered availability, linking the coenzyme to proteostasis.
Mouchiroud et al. 2013
What the published work measures
The endpoints reported across the literature for this compound. The figures belong to the individual papers, not to us.
Molecular structure
The deposited three-dimensional conformer for this compound, paired with its verified reference values.
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71 atoms
71 atoms, 75 bonds, C21H27N7O14P2. Deposited conformer from PubChem CID 5892, not a drawing.
C₂₁H₂₇N₇O₁₄P₂
Third-party verified
Every batch of NAD+ is sent to an accredited independent laboratory before it ships. Here is what we screen for.
Quantifies purity and reports it on the lot certificate
Verifies the exact molecular identity
Lead, arsenic, cadmium & mercury
Bacterial endotoxin levels
No microbial contamination
Actual peptide mass per vial verified
FAQ
NAD+ is a coenzyme present in every living cell, operating as an electron carrier across the reactions that produce cellular energy. It is also consumed as a substrate by sirtuins and PARP enzymes, meaning cellular demand for it is not fixed — which is the basis for research into availability and depletion.
Published research on NAD+ concentrates on Aging & Senescence, Energy Metabolism, DNA Repair and UPR Activation. Each of those areas is summarised further up this page with the citation it comes from, and the full reference list — 4 indexed publications — sits at the bottom. Study designs and concentrations vary considerably between publications, so the primary sources are worth reading directly.
The literature describes NAD+ acting across Mitochondrial Function, Sirtuin Activation and PARP & Genomic Stability, reported respectively as Energy, Longevity and DNA Repair. Those pathways are drawn from preclinical models rather than clinical work, and they describe what has been observed rather than a settled mechanism — the individual pathway cards above cite what each one is based on.
NAD+ has a molecular formula of C₂₁H₂₇N₇O₁₄P₂ and an average mass of 663.43 g/mol. It is indexed under CAS 53-84-9. It ships as lyophilized powder. Those are nominal reference values for the parent compound. The identity of the specific material you receive is confirmed by mass spectrometry and reported on that lot's certificate.
Store the sealed vial at -20°C, protected from light and moisture, and let it reach room temperature before opening so condensation does not form on cold powder. NAD+ is water-soluble; reconstitute by directing the diluent down the vial wall rather than onto the powder, then swirl to dissolve rather than shaking. Keep reconstituted solution refrigerated and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles — solutions are far less stable than lyophilized powder.
No. NAD+ is supplied strictly for in-vitro laboratory research and development. It is not a drug, food, supplement or cosmetic, it has not been evaluated by the FDA, and it is not intended for human or animal consumption, ingestion, injection or any in-vivo use. Ordering confirms you are a qualified researcher or institution purchasing on that basis.
Cited sources
Independent published research indexed from PubMed and peer-reviewed journals — not Routine Peptides claims.
For research use only
Not for human or veterinary use. For in-vitro laboratory research only. These statements have not been evaluated by the FDA; this product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Sold exclusively to qualified researchers and institutions.
Before you order
Every production run is analyzed by an independent laboratory, and the certificate for your lot travels with the order — not a catalog-wide document, and not a summary written by us.
